Chemistry Carboxylic Acids PMDC 2020
PMDC Verified Question 56 of 94
Hydrolysis of acyl chloride results in the formation of:
A
Acid anhydride
B
Carboxylic acid
C
Amides
D
Esters
Tap any option to test your recall and reveal the step-by-step Propolis autopsy.

Propolis Cognitive Error Autopsy

Official Correct Choice:
Option B: Carboxylic acid
Concept:

Acyl chlorides are the most reactive of all carboxylic acid derivatives. They react vigorously with water via nucleophilic acyl substitution.

Formula:

$$ \text{R-COCl} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \longrightarrow \text{R-COOH} + \text{HCl} $$

Solution:

  • Water acts as a nucleophile, attacking the highly electrophilic carbonyl carbon.


  • The superior leaving group, chloride (\( \text{Cl}^- \)), is rapidly expelled.


  • The final product is the corresponding carboxylic acid alongside hydrogen chloride gas.


Why other options are incorrect:

Forming anhydrides requires reacting with a carboxylate salt. Forming esters requires an alcohol. Forming amides requires ammonia or an amine.

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