Concept:The oxidation state of the central carbon in a primary alcohol can be sequentially increased by removing hydrogen and adding oxygen bonds.
Formula:$$ \text{R-CH}_2\text{OH} \xrightarrow{[\text{O}]} \text{R-CHO} \xrightarrow{[\text{O}]} \text{R-COOH} $$
Solution:- Mild oxidation of a primary alcohol yields an aldehyde (partial oxidation).
- Complete (exhaustive) oxidation using strong agents like acidified \( \text{K}_2\text{Cr}_2\text{O}_7 \) or \( \text{KMnO}_4 \) pushes the reaction all the way to a carboxylic acid.
Why other options are incorrect:Aldehydes are intermediate (incomplete) products. Alkanes require reduction, not oxidation. Ketones are formed from secondary alcohols, which cannot be further oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds.
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