Chemistry Carboxylic Acids NUMS 2023
PMDC Verified Question 35 of 94
Which of the following reacts with Carboxylic Acid to form Ester?
A
Aldehyde
B
Alkyl Halide
C
Ketones
D
Alcohol
Tap any option to test your recall and reveal the step-by-step Propolis autopsy.

Propolis Cognitive Error Autopsy

Official Correct Choice:
Option D: Alcohol
Concept:

Esterification is the classic condensation reaction synthesizing an ester from a carboxylic acid.

Formula:

$$ \text{R-COOH} + \text{R}'-\text{OH} \rightleftharpoons \text{R-COOR}' + \text{H}_2\text{O} $$

Solution:

  • The necessary counterpart to a carboxylic acid to create the \( \text{R-CO-O-R}' \) ester linkage is a molecule providing an alkoxy (\( -\text{OR}' \)) group.


  • Alcohols (\( \text{R}'-\text{OH} \)) perfectly serve this role, attacking the acid via nucleophilic acyl substitution.


Why other options are incorrect:

Aldehydes, alkyl halides, and ketones lack the nucleophilic hydroxyl group required to undergo Fischer esterification directly with an acid.

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