Chemistry Chemical Bonding BUMHS 2023
PMDC Verified Question 32 of 102
Which of the following is hybridized state of carbon atom of a carbonyl group?
A
\( \text{sp} \) hybridized
B
\( \text{sp}^2 \) hybridized
C
\( \text{sp}^3 \) hybridized
D
\( \text{dsp}^2 \) hybridized
Tap any option to test your recall and reveal the step-by-step Propolis autopsy.

Propolis Cognitive Error Autopsy

Official Correct Choice:
Option B: \( \text{sp}^2 \) hybridized
Concept:

The carbonyl group (\( \text{C=O} \)) contains a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom.

Formula:

$$ >\text{C}=\text{O} $$

Solution:

  • The carbon atom in a carbonyl group forms one double bond (with Oxygen) and two single bonds (with other atoms/groups).


  • A double bond is composed of one sigma and one pi bond. Therefore, the carbon atom has 3 total sigma bonds and 0 lone pairs.


  • A steric number of 3 corresponds to \( \text{sp}^2 \) hybridization, giving the carbonyl group its characteristic flat, trigonal planar geometry.


Why other options are incorrect:

  • Option A: Occurs with triple bonds or two double bonds.
  • Option C: Occurs with four single bonds.

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