Concept:Charles's Law defines the direct proportional relationship between the volume of a gas and its temperature. Extrapolating this relationship to zero volume leads to the derivation of absolute zero.
Formula:$$ V_t = V_o \left(1 + \frac{t}{273.15}\right) $$
Solution:- In the quantitative form of Charles's Law, \( V_t \) is the volume at temperature \( t \) (in Celsius), and \( V_o \) is the volume at 0°C.
- To find the theoretical point where all kinetic motion stops (and volume becomes zero), we set \( V_t = 0 \).
- Solving for \( t \) yields: \( 0 = 1 + \frac{t}{273.15} \implies t = -273.15^\circ C \).
- This specific temperature is defined as Absolute Zero (0 K). Thus, Charles's law provides the mathematical framework for absolute temperature.
Why other options are incorrect:- Option B: Boyle's law relates pressure and volume at a constant temperature.
- Option A & D: Avogadro's and Dalton's laws deal with moles and partial pressures, respectively, not the definition of a temperature scale.
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