Concept:Enzymes have a strict optimum pH range. Deviating drastically from this pH alters the active site's ionization state and denatures the enzyme.
Formula:$$N/A$$
Solution:- Digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth with salivary amylase (ptyalin), which functions optimally at a nearly neutral pH (approx 6.8).
- When the swallowed food bolus reaches the stomach, it encounters gastric juice containing hydrochloric acid (pH 1.5 - 2.5).
- This highly acidic environment immediately denatures salivary amylase, bringing its carbohydrate-digesting action to an end.
Why other options are incorrect:Gastric lipase actually functions in the acidic environment of the stomach. Maltase acts later in the slightly alkaline environment of the small intestine. 'Hydrolase' is a broad class of enzymes, some of which (like pepsin) thrive in acidic pH.
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