Concept:Thermochemical reaction names strictly follow the nature of the reactants interacting.
Formula:$$ \text{Strong Base} + \text{Strong Acid} \rightarrow \text{Aqueous Salt} + H_2O_{(l)} $$
Solution:- \( NaOH \) is a strong base, and \( HNO_3 \) is a strong nitric acid.
- They undergo a classic double displacement reaction where the \( H^+ \) and \( OH^- \) ions combine to form water.
- The specific enthalpy change (\( -57.4 \text{ kJ/mol} \)) associated with the formation of 1 mole of water via an acid and base is formally defined as Heat of neutralization.
Why other options are incorrect:It is not combustion (requires \( O_2 \)). It is not formation (which requires elemental reactants like solid Na and gaseous \( N_2/O_2 \)). It is not decomposition (which requires a single reactant breaking down).
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