Chemistry Transition Elements BUMHS 2022
PMDC Verified Question 35 of 68
Geometry of complexes depends upon?
A
Number of ligands
B
Oxidation state of central metal
C
Hybridization of central metal
D
Number of chelating agents
Tap any option to test your recall and reveal the step-by-step Propolis autopsy.

Propolis Cognitive Error Autopsy

Official Correct Choice:
Option C: Hybridization of central metal
Concept:

According to Valence Bond Theory, the geometric shape of a coordination molecule is dictated by how its central atomic orbitals combine.

Solution:

  • When ligands approach a central metal, the metal provides empty orbitals for coordinate bonds.


  • These different types of empty orbitals (\(s, p, d\)) merge to form a set of identical new orbitals in a process called hybridization.


  • The type of hybridization strictly defines the spatial geometry. For example, \(sp^3\) hybridization forces a Tetrahedral shape, while \(dsp^2\) forces a Square Planar shape.


Why other options are incorrect:

  • While the "Number of ligands" (Coordination Number) hints at the geometry, hybridization is the fundamental quantum mechanical cause that dictates the exact shape (e.g., CN=4 can be tetrahedral or square planar, but hybridization tells you exactly which one it is).

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