Concept:During the negative half-cycle, the polarity of the AC input reverses, forward-biasing the alternate diagonal pair of diodes (\( D_2 \) and \( D_4 \)) to maintain unidirectional current through the load.
Formula:$$\text{Negative Half-Cycle: } D_2, D_4 \text{ (Forward Biased, ON)} \quad \text{and} \quad D_1, D_3 \text{ (Reverse Biased, OFF)}$$
Solution:- The bottom secondary terminal becomes positive relative to the top terminal.
- This forward-biases diodes \( D_2 \) and \( D_4 \), directing current through the load in the same direction as during the positive half-cycle.
- Diodes \( D_1 \) and \( D_3 \) are reverse-biased and block current.
Why other options are incorrect:- Option B: Diodes \( D_1 \) and \( D_3 \) conduct during the positive half-cycle.
- Option C: \( D_1 \) and \( D_4 \) are in different branches and do not conduct as a pair.
- Option D: In full-wave rectification, conduction occurs during both half-cycles.
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