Physics Thermodynamics MDCAT 2013
PMDC Verified Question 54 of 54
What is the factor upon which change in internal energy of an ideal gas depends?
A
Change in volume
B
Path followed to change internal energy
C
Changed in volume and temperature
D
Change in temperature
Tap any option to test your recall and reveal the step-by-step Propolis autopsy.

Propolis Cognitive Error Autopsy

Official Correct Choice:
Option D: Change in temperature
1. Concept:

The internal energy of an ideal gas is purely translational kinetic energy, which depends exclusively on the absolute temperature of the gas.

2. Formula:

$$U = \frac{f}{2} n R T$$

3. Solution:

  • Since the number of moles \(n\) and the gas constant \(R\) are constant for a fixed system, any change in internal energy \(\Delta U\) is directly proportional to the change in temperature \(\Delta T\).


  • Therefore, it does not depend on the path or volume changes.


4. Why other options are incorrect:

Internal energy is a state function, meaning it is completely independent of the path taken. For an ideal gas specifically, intermolecular forces are zero, so volume changes do not alter potential energy.

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