In Cambridge A Level Chemistry (9701), Organic Chemistry and Physical Kinetics/Equilibria account for over 60% of exam marks. Memorizing curly arrow mechanisms and NMR split patterns requires daily active recall.
1. Master Organic Mechanism Map (CAIE 9701)
| Reaction Type | Substrate | Reagents & Conditions | Intermediate / Transition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Free Radical Substitution | Alkanes ($CH_4$) | $Cl_2$ + UV Light | $Cl^\bullet$ and $CH_3^\bullet$ Radicals |
| Electrophilic Addition | Alkenes ($C_2H_4$) | $HBr$ (g) or $Br_2$ in $CCl_4$ | Carbocation Intermediate |
| $S_N2$ Nucleophilic Subst. | 1° Halogenoalkanes | $NaOH$ (aq), warm | Single-step Pentacoordinate Transition |
| $S_N1$ Nucleophilic Subst. | 3° Halogenoalkanes | $NaOH$ (aq), warm | Planar Carbocation Intermediate |
| Electrophilic Substitution | Benzene ($C_6H_6$) | $HNO_3 + conc. H_2SO_4$, $55^\circ C$ | Arenium Cation Intermediate |
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