Bioenergetics accounts for 4–6 MCQs annually on the MDCAT. Mastering the flow of electrons in the thylakoid membrane is critical for a perfect Biology score.
1. Non-Cyclic vs Cyclic Photophosphorylation
| Feature | Non-Cyclic (Z-Scheme) | Cyclic Pathway |
|---|---|---|
| Photosystems Involved | PS II (P680) and PS I (P700) | PS I (P700) only |
| Photolysis of Water | ✅ Occurs (Releases $O_2$) | ❌ Does not occur |
| End Products | ATP, NADPH, and $O_2$ | ATP only |
| Primary Electron Donor | Water ($H_2O$) | P700 (Recycled) |
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