Concept: Without cellular recycling machinery, waste products build up and eventually kill the cell.

Solution: "Storage diseases" (like Tay-Sachs, Pompe, and Gaucher disease) are caused by congenital defects in specific lysosomal hydrolytic enzymes. When the lysosome cannot break down a particular macromolecule, it accumulates excessively, swelling the lysosome and damaging the cell.

Distractor Autopsy: Lipase, amylase, and lyases are specific classes of enzymes, but storage diseases are broadly classified by the organelle that fails (the lysosome).