Chemistry Hydrocarbons MDCAT 2011
PMDC Verified Question 61 of 65
The substitution of –H group by \( -\text{NO}_2 \) group in benzene is called
A
Ammonolysis
B
Nitration
C
Sulphonation
D
Reduction of benzene
Tap any option to test your recall and reveal the step-by-step Propolis autopsy.

Propolis Cognitive Error Autopsy

Official Correct Choice:
Option B: Nitration
Concept:

The nomenclature of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions is based on the functional group being introduced onto the benzene ring.

Solution:

  • When a nitro group (\( -\text{NO}_2 \)) replaces a hydrogen atom on the aromatic ring, the process is definitively termed nitration.


Why other options are incorrect:

  • Ammonolysis involves cleavage by ammonia.


  • Sulphonation introduces a sulfonic acid group (\( -\text{SO}_3\text{H} \)).


  • Reduction of benzene would add hydrogen atoms (e.g., forming cyclohexane), rather than substituting them with a nitro group.

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