Concept:Clippers (limiters) clip or truncate portions of an input signal waveform without altering the remaining wave shape. Clampers (DC restorers) introduce a DC offset to shift the entire waveform vertically without clipping its peaks.
Formula:$$\text{Clipper: } V_{\text{out}} = \min(V_{\text{in}}, V_{\text{ref}}) \quad | \quad \text{Clamper: } V_{\text{out}}(t) = V_{\text{in}}(t) \pm V_{\text{dc}}$$
Solution:- Clipper: Uses diodes and reference voltages to eliminate selected parts of a waveform (e.g., peak limiting).
- Clamper: Uses a diode, capacitor, and resistor to clamp either the positive or negative peak of a waveform to a reference DC level while preserving peak-to-peak amplitude.
Why other options are incorrect:- Option A: Clampers shift the DC baseline, and neither circuit provides amplification.
- Option B: Smoothing filters remove ripple; clippers and clampers do not act as power supply filters.
- Option C: Clampers add DC offsets, while low-pass filters remove high-frequency noise.
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